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NAIM
Balgaristika

Seal of Michael
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    Artifact

    Type
    Seal
    General layout
    Iconography and legend
    Matrix

    Physical description

    Medium
    Original impression
    Material
    Lead
    Shape
    Round
    Dimensions (mm)
    Diam. 19.5
    Weight (g)
    5.58
    Channel orientation (clock)
    Axis (clock)
    Overstrike orientation (clock)
    Execution
    Struck
    Countermark
    Condition

    Dating

    Date
    1076-1100
    Internal date
    Dating criteria
    Iconography and epigraphy
    Alternative dating

    History

    Category
    Issuer
    Michael
    Issuer's milieu
    Place of origin
    Selymbria
    Find place
    Selymbria
    Find date
    Find circumstances
    Modern location
    Sofia (Bulgaria)
    Institution and repository
    National Archaeological Institute with Museum – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Numismatic fund
    Collection and inventory
    131
    Acquisition

    Donation by Trifon Kunev in 1953

    Previous locations

    Modern observations

    It is not clear whether T. Kunev discovered the seal in 1912 and it was again him who donated it in 1953.

    Obverse

    Language(s)
    Layout of field

    Field's dimensions (mm)
    Matrix
    Iconography and epigraphy
    Iconography
    Saint Eustratios, standing, holding a spear (r. hand) and a shield resting on the ground (l. hand); on either side, vertical inscription
    Decoration
    Epigraphy

    Reverse

    Language(s)
    Byzantine Greek
    Layout of field

    Field's dimensions (mm)
    Matrix
    Iconography
    Decoration
    Epigraphy

    Images

    Edition

    Interpretive

    obv
    a ῾Ο ἅγιος - b Εὐστράτ(ιος)
    rev
    1 Σόν Εὐ-
    2 στράτιε
    3 Μιχαὴλ
    4 δοῦλον
    5 σκέποι[ς]

    Diplomatic

    obv
    a Ο|Α|ΓΙ|ΟΣ - b Ε|Υ|ΣΤ|ΡΑ̣|Τ̣
    rev
    1
    2ΣΟΕ
    3ΣΤΡΑΤΙΕ̣
    4ΙΧΑΗΛ̣
    5ΔΟΥΛΟ̣
    6Σ̣ΚΕΠΟ.

    Apparatus

    Legend and Translation

    ῾Ο ἅγιος Εὐστράτιος. Σόν, Εὐστράτιε, Μιχαὴλ δοῦλον σκέποις

    Saint Eustratios. Eustratios, may you protect your servant Michael

    References

    Edition(s)
    Parallel(s)
    No parallels known
    Further references

    Commentary

    Footnotes